Cold or flu? How to tell and how to treat it
Colds and flu are both caused by viruses, and most people get better on their own with rest. Flu usually makes you feel much more unwell, though, so it helps to know the difference and when to get help.
- Written by
- Longton Pharmacy
- Reading time
- 2 min read
- Last updated
- Updated
- Reviewed by
- Reviewed by Hinna Ahmed, Superintendent Pharmacist
At a glance
- A cold comes on gradually; flu hits quickly with fever and aches
- Rest, fluids and paracetamol or ibuprofen ease most symptoms
- Antibiotics don't work on colds or flu
- Get help if you're not improving after a week or you're in a higher-risk group
On this page
How to tell the difference
A cold comes on gradually and mainly affects your nose and throat. You'll usually feel well enough to carry on with your day.
Flu comes on quickly, often within a few hours. It usually brings a high temperature, aching muscles and exhaustion, and you may feel too unwell to do your normal activities.
Treating a cold or flu at home
Antibiotics don't work for colds or flu because they're caused by viruses. If you use a combination cold and flu product, check whether it already contains paracetamol so you don't take too much.
- Rest and get plenty of sleep
- Keep warm and drink plenty of fluids
- Take paracetamol or ibuprofen to ease a high temperature and aches
- Decongestants can help with a blocked nose for a few days
- Gargle with salt water and try hot lemon and honey for a sore throat (honey isn't suitable for babies under 1)
Stopping it spreading
- Wash your hands often with warm water and soap
- Catch coughs and sneezes in a tissue, then bin it
- Stay at home while you have a high temperature or feel unwell
Who should get a flu jab
The flu vaccine is offered free on the NHS every autumn to people at higher risk, including adults aged 65 and over, pregnant women and people with certain long-term health conditions. It's the best way to protect yourself.
When to get help from NHS 111 or a GP
- Your symptoms haven't improved after a week
- You're worried about a baby's or child's symptoms
- You're 65 or over, pregnant, or have a long-term condition or weakened immune system
- You have a high temperature that won't come down
Common questions
How long does a cold last?
Most colds clear up in about a week to 10 days. A cough can sometimes last a little longer.
How long does flu last?
Most people feel better within about a week, although you may feel tired for longer.
This guide is general information, not a substitute for advice about your own health. Always read the leaflet that comes with your medicine, and speak to a pharmacist or GP if you're unsure.
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Our pharmacists can help, in confidence.